American investigators surveyed 187 healthy teenage girls and 97 teens with polycystic ovary syndrome, a common hormonal disorder affecting roughly 5 percent to 10 percent of girls and women of childbearing age. The syndrome is marked by irregular menstrual cycles, excessive body hair, acne, and obesity; it is a leading cause of infertility.

Each teen completed quality of life and general health questionnaires that included questions about menstrual cycles, facial and body hair, sexual activity, future pregnancy plans, concerns about fertility, changes in physical health, mental health, family activities, pain and self-esteem. Girls with the syndrome also were asked about the understanding of their condition, how they felt about it, and any impact it had on their lives.

Teens with polycystic ovary syndrome were more than 3 times as likely to be concerned about their future fertility as healthy girls. Fertility concerns were also associated with significantly lower scores in 10 of 12 categories on the quality-of-life questionnaire, particularly in the areas of self-esteem and mental health.

Among affected girls, 54 percent reported that their condition had a negative impact on their lives, specifically in the way it has affected their menstrual cycles, weight, and problems with acne. According to lead author Maria E. Trent, M.D., M.P.H., these findings support previous research from a similar population that showed that perception of illness has a critical impact on the quality of life of teens with such disorders.

"Pediatricians must realize that teenage girls with polycystic ovary syndrome are very much aware of the potential side effects, including infertility," said Trent. "Counseling from a health provider that addresses their concerns about their future health, may be critical in improving the quality of life for these girls."

In addition to infertility, other syndrome complications include increased risks for diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer. Treatment, including weight loss and medication such as oral contraceptives, can improve reproductive function and reduce the risk for developing complications. The authors hope that increased focus on the mental health needs of this population may increase the frequency of appropriate evaluations and interventions and lead to better emotional health as these teens reach adulthood.